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|subdivision_type1 = State |subdivision_name1 = |subdivision_type2 = Counties |subdivision_name2 = Frederick Carroll |government_footnotes = |government_type = Mayor-Council |leader_title = |leader_name = Patrick Rockinburg |leader_title1 = |leader_name1 = |established_title = |established_date = |unit_pref = Imperial |area_footnotes = 〔(【引用サイトリンク】url=http://www.census.gov/geo/www/gazetteer/files/Gaz_places_national.txt )〕 |area_magnitude = |area_total_km2 = 10.70 |area_land_km2 = 10.67 |area_water_km2 = 0.03 |area_total_sq_mi = 4.13 |area_land_sq_mi = 4.12 |area_water_sq_mi = 0.01 |population_as_of = 2010 |population_est = 9668 |pop_est_as_of = 2014〔name="2013 Pop Estimate">(【引用サイトリンク】url=http://www.census.gov/popest/data/cities/totals/2012/SUB-EST2012.html )〕 |population_footnotes = 〔 |population_total = 9288 |population_density_km2 = 870.4 |population_density_sq_mi = 2254.4 |timezone = Eastern (EST) |utc_offset = -5 |timezone_DST = EDT |utc_offset_DST = -4 |elevation_footnotes = |elevation_m = 238 |elevation_ft = 781 |elevation_ft attopoftown = 853 |coordinates_display = inline,title |coordinates_type = region:US_type:city |latd = 39 |latm = 22 |lats = 29 |latNS = N |longd = 77 |longm = 9 |longs = 20 |longEW = W |postal_code_type = ZIP code |postal_code = 21771 |area_code = 240 and 301 〔http://www.zip-codes.com/city/md-mount-airy.asp〕 |blank_name = FIPS code |blank_info = 24-53875 |blank1_name = GNIS feature ID |blank1_info = 0585976 |website = |footnotes = }} Mount Airy is a town located in Carroll and Frederick counties in the U.S. state of Maryland. It is part of both the Washington Metropolitan Area and Baltimore Metropolitan Area. As of the 2010 census it had a population of 9,288. Outside of the city limits, the surrounding community is colloquially referred to as Mount Airy or the "Four-County Area" by locals. The "Four-County Area" derives its name from the fact that the community encompasses portions of Frederick, Carroll, Montgomery, and Howard counties. ==History== The western movement of the B & O Railroad and proximity to the National Pike gave identity and significance to the Town of Mount Airy. The hilly topography of the area is responsible for the name of the Town. A railroad foreman who commented, “this is an airish mountain” christened it with its name. The name of the Town became Mount Airy and remained so from that point forward. When Carroll County defined its permanent boundaries in 1837, Mount Airy was divided between two counties, Carroll and Frederick; the Town has remained in two counties since that time. About one mile south of the Town is the junction of Carroll, Frederick, Howard and Montgomery Counties located at the headwaters of the South Branch of the Patapsco River. The Town was originally settled in the early 1830s by a core group of six families. Dorsey, Davis and Bussard were the most prominent names in that first settlement, which was followed closely by the construction of the B & O railroad line in 1831. Because Mount Airy sits at an elevation of 830 feet, a series of four inclined planes were constructed in order for the trains to climb the steep hills. Locomotives and cars were lifted with the assistance of horses and steam wenches. Passengers had to disembark during this process. Plane #4, located west of the Town at the intersection of Woodville Road and MD Route 144 is still a recognized location today. In 1839 the planes were abandoned and the new line was constructed north of where Mount Airy is today. This was a result of more powerful locomotives that had been constructed and heavier loads were being hauled. In 1901, the tunnel was constructed on the south side of town and the existing line into town became a spur line through what is now the Town of Mount Airy. The Town named the first resident, Henry Bussard, the station agent for the new train station. Mr. Bussard was also the first major landowner in Mount Airy. By 1846, the Town was sparsely settled with several houses, a Town store, barber shop and shoemaker shop. Pine Grove Chapel, circa 1846, now a historic monument, was constructed to fill the need for a community church. From the time it was constructed, the chapel basement functioned as a private school. The chapel remained open during the early part of the Civil War despite soldier encampments in close proximity. The school and church were closed later because of distracting soldier activity around the vicinity of the school. After the war ended, the church reopened in 1867 after undergoing a renovation. In 1893, the Carroll County Board of Education funded the construction of a three-room schoolhouse which was completed in September 1894. The building, approximately 1,700 sq. ft. in size, was located on the east side of Main Street, 1/4 of mile south of the railroad tracks. It is now part of the Calvary United Methodist Church property. The school operated from 9:00 am to 4:00 p.m., much like today's schools. With the incorporation of the Town in 1894, came the establishment of the Town government structure, including a Mayor and Council. The first Mount Airy Mayor was Byron S. Dorsey who served ten years in that office between 1894 and 1904. In 1900, the Town population had grown to 332 residents. By 1910, the Town population was 428 and it was determined that the Town had enough student population to justify a State accredited high school. A high school with classes was organized but an official high school "building" to house all eleven grades was not built at that time. The Town of Mount Airy endured three disastrous fires during the first quarter of the 20th century. The first fire occurred in 1902 and destroyed the business section of the southern side of the downtown area. The second fire was in 1914 and consumed the north side of the downtown business section. The third fire took place about ten years later, in 1925, and again, the northern side of the downtown business district was destroyed. As a result of the 1925 fire, the Mount Airy Volunteer Fire Company was organized in 1926. During the late 1920s and early 1930s the Town continued to flourish despite the onset of the Great Depression. The 1930 U.S. Census tallied the Town population at 845 persons, an increase of 91 people since 1920. The railroad company largely contributed to the growth of not only the population, but the Town’s economy as well. As a result, expanded Town services included necessary public utilities such as electric service when Potomac Edison was established in Mount Airy. The thriving economy supported the initiation of several large businesses in the 1930s, such as a poultry operation, two automobile garages, an ice factory, and the creation of the Mount Airy Canning Company, which provided about 250 jobs for Town residents. In 1932, the first motion picture theater opened in Mount Airy, establishing a core business district. During that time, the Town also saw the purchase of land for a Town park, the opening of a grocery store and a lumberyard and the dedication of Pine Grove Chapel for use as a nonsectarian chapel. The Mount Airy Historic District that includes the railroad station was added to the National Register of Historic Places in 1984. Currently, Mt. Airy is no longer economically dependent on the railroad, as citizens work a variety of different jobs. Many of its citizens work in Washington, DC or Baltimore; the city is a part of both of those cities' metropolitan areas. Mt. Airy is a neighborhood community for these job centers. Mt. Airy is similar to back in the day with the national road but now with Interstate 70 bordering the southern end of the city with an interchange with MD-27. In the last few decades Mount Airy has had a lot of growth with the city which was part of the Residential project of the Mount Airy Master Plan from the 1994 to 2003 update. In 2007 President George W. Bush made a speech in Mount Airy. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Mount Airy, Maryland」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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